The September median for one year reached 3.1%; three-year and five-year expectations remained at 2.9% and 2.5%.

What the primary record establishes

The ECB reported on 23 October 2026 that median consumer inflation expectations for twelve months rose from 3.0% in August to 3.1% in September. Perceived inflation over the previous year rose from 3.5% to 3.6%. ECB — Consumer Expectations Survey, 23 October 2026 ↗

Three-year and five-year medians were unchanged at 2.9% and 2.5%. The survey therefore did not show an equal increase across every horizon. ECB — Consumer Expectations Survey, 23 October 2026 ↗

What the distinction changes

A headline claiming that all inflation expectations increased would obscure the shape of this result. Perceptions of past prices also differ from expectations for future prices.

These responses are neither a new measured CPI rate nor the ECB’s own inflation forecast. A comparison must keep the observation month and horizon beside each value.

What to check before drawing a conclusion

For euro analysis, identify whether the statistic is a median or a mean before comparing tables. Similar percentage signs do not make different measures interchangeable.

The next test is persistence in subsequent surveys and price releases. The publication documents household expectations; it does not alone establish an interest-rate decision or explain a particular currency move.